Chapter Twenty Eight: The Onset of the Cold War, 1945-1960
Practice Quiz:
1. The fundamental disagreement between the United States and the Soviet Union at the beginning of the Cold War was over
a. who would control postwar Europe
b. North Korea’s decision to build an “Iron Curtain” along it’s southern border.
c. which country had contributed more to the Allied victory
d. whether Truman or Stalin would lead postwar alliances
2. The disarmament plan that the Truman administration proposed to the United Nations after World War II was called
a. the Potsdam Conference
b. the Baruch Plan
c. the Cold War Treaty
d. Containment
3. The Truman Doctrine stated that American policy would be to
a. remain isolated from European and Asian affairs
b. take a more active part in rebuilding the war-ravaged Soviet economy
c. use military force to defend China against Soviet aggression
d. support free peoples who were resisting the Soviet Union or its surrogates
4. Why were people in Italy and France voting for communist parties in 1947?
a. They were drawn to the irresistibly charismatic communist leaders
b. They felt discontent due to economic problems and food shortages
c. There were few other organized political parties in postwar Europe
d. They wanted to defy the American anti-communist attitude
5. The Marshall Plan proposed
a. infusing massive amounts of American capital into Western Europe
b. bolstering the German army to prevent the spread of communism
c. an international effort to stop postwar global inflation
d. that all nations should immediately destroy their atomic weapons
6. The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
a. decreased Russian fears of the West and lessened the intensity of the Cold War
b. had no effect on the Cold War
c. assured European countries that the United States would help defend them
d. committed the United States to an isolationist policy in the future.
7. What was the Berlin airlift?
a. a state-of-the-art transportation system designed to revive the postwar German economy
b. a top secret method of transporting American spies into and out of East Berlin
c. a military operation to bring supplies to troops and civilians in West Berlin
d. the first plane capable of dropping a hydrogen bomb anywhere in the world
8. The defense policy statement known as NSC-68
a. proposed to cut funding from the American military.
b. advocated a massive expansion of the American military.
c. established the Central Intelligence Agency.
d. prohibited the development of the hydrogen bomb.
9. How did the United States react to the 1950 treaty between Stalin and Mao?
a. It congratulated Stalin and Mao on their treaty and offered to join their new alliance
b. It openly threatened Stalin with war if he contributed to the spread of communism in Asia
c. It warned the Soviet Union to stay out of Middle Eastern politics
d. It refused to recognize the new Chinese regime and focused on Japan as its main ally in Asia
10. What erroneous advice did General MacArthur give President Truman during the Korean War?
a. MacArthur advised Truman to authorize an invasion of North Korea because he thought that China would not attack U.S. troops
b. MacArthur advised Truman to retreat from the 38th parallel into the safety of South Korea because he thought China would attack
c. MacArthur advised withdrawing troops from Korea altogether because he thought that China and the Soviet Union would obliterate the U.S. forces
d. MacArthur advised Truman to drop an atom bomb on Seoul because he thought the Chinese would then be afraid to occupy the city
11. The most significant result of the Korean War was that it
a. vindicated the United States in the eyes of the world
b. succeeded in unifying Korea for thirty years
c. brought about massive American rearmament
d. reinforced Truman’s popularity with the American people
12. The Taft-Hartley Act of 1947 outlawed
a. some labor union activities
b. many child labor practices
c. racial discrimination in hiring practices
d. gender discrimination in hiring practices
13. Truman’s prospects in the 1948 election looked
a. promising because he had successfully kept inflation down after World War II
b. promising because he unified Democrats and even some GOP leaders in his support
c. bleak because Democratic support had been split among several candidates
d. bleak because he lacked the funds to travel the country and garner support
14. Why did Truman establish the Loyalty Review Board?
a. to interrogate citizens suspected of being political activists
b. to investigate government employees as potential communists
c. to reward veterans of the Korean War for bravery and valor
d. to appoint campaign contributors to positions of power
15. Julius and Ethel Rosenberg were
a. the first married couple to serve in the United States Senate simultaneously.
b. executed for passing American atomic secrets to the Soviet Union
c. responsible for heinous war crimes during the Korean War
d. FBI agents who exposed the espionage activities of Alger Hiss.
16. What were the big issues of the 1952 presidential campaign?
a. labor reform and family values
b. the economy and the Korean War
c. the Korean War, communism, and government corruption
d. civil rights, abortion, and school prayer